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Portrait of Marvin Gaye

Popular music · Soul, funk & R&B

Marvin Gaye

1939–1984 · American

Motown soul

Marvin Gaye began as Motown's smooth hit-maker and duet partner, then forced the label to let him make What's Going On, a 1971 song cycle about Vietnam, poverty and pollution that changed what a soul album could be. He was shot dead by his own father in 1984, the day before his forty-fifth birthday.

How to spot them

  • ▸Born Marvin Pentz Gay Jr; he added the 'e' to his surname
  • ▸Billed as the Prince of Motown or the Prince of Soul; a multi-tracked voice layering falsetto over his natural range
  • ▸Started at Motown as a session drummer, then as a duet partner to Mary Wells, Kim Weston and Tammi Terrell
  • ▸Married Anna Gordy, sister of Motown's founder Berry Gordy
  • ▸The 1971 album Berry Gordy called the worst thing he had ever heard, which became the label's best reviewed record

Songs & albums

A 1962 dance record named after thumbing a lift by the roadside (1962)

'Hitch Hike' — his first real hit, later covered by the Rolling Stones and the Velvet Underground.

A 1963 Holland–Dozier–Holland plea for a sympathetic hearing, a floor-filler on Britain's all-nighter circuit (1963)

'Can I Get a Witness', a Northern soul staple and a favourite of the early Rolling Stones.

A 1967 duet with Tammi Terrell insisting no distance could keep him from reaching her (1967)

'Ain't No Mountain High Enough', written by Ashford and Simpson.

A 1968 Norman Whitfield production in which a man learns of his lover's infidelity via office gossip (1968)

'I Heard It Through the Grapevine' — Motown's biggest-selling single of the 1960s, seven weeks at US number one.

A 1971 song cycle sung from the viewpoint of a serviceman returning from Vietnam to a country he no longer recognises (1971)

What's Going On — topped Rolling Stone's 2020 list of the 500 greatest albums.

A 1971 single from that album about poisoned fish, mercury and oil-blackened skies (1971)

'Mercy Mercy Me (The Ecology)' — one of the first environmental protest hits.

A 1973 album of frank seduction that became his biggest-selling record (1973)

Let's Get It On, whose title track spent six weeks at US number one.

A 1982 comeback single for a new label, driven by a drum machine, that won him his only competitive Grammys (1982)

'Sexual Healing', from Midnight Love, recorded in Ostend after he left Motown for Columbia.

Quick-fire facts

  • •He played drums on early Motown sessions, including records by the Miracles and the Marvelettes
  • •His uptempo early-1960s sides were adopted by Britain's Northern soul scene — the all-nighter circuit named by the journalist Dave Godin in Blues & Soul in 1970, centred on Manchester's Twisted Wheel, the Golden Torch in Stoke, Blackpool Mecca and Wigan Casino
  • •Northern soul prized obscure uptempo American 45s; its most famous rarity is 'Do I Love You (Indeed I Do)' by the Motown producer Frank Wilson, withdrawn before release and now worth a six-figure sum
  • •His duet partner Tammi Terrell collapsed on stage in his arms in 1967 and died of a brain tumour in 1970, aged 24
  • •His 1978 double album Here, My Dear was made to satisfy a divorce settlement that assigned its royalties to Anna Gordy
  • •He sang an unaccompanied, radically reharmonised national anthem at the 1983 NBA All-Star Game in Los Angeles
  • •On 1 April 1984, the day before his 45th birthday, he was shot dead at his Los Angeles home by his father, Marvin Gay Sr, who received a suspended sentence for voluntary manslaughter
  • •He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1987 and given a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 1996

Drill it — 8 cards

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Sources