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Art · 20th century

Paula Rego

1935–2022 · Portuguese-British

Figurative narrative painting — storytelling, folk tale and political protest

Paula Rego built a fierce figurative art out of folk tales, nursery rhymes, Portuguese village life and the politics of women's bodies. Her women are heavy, defiant and never decorative, most often worked in pastel on a huge scale, and her series on illegal abortion is credited with helping change Portuguese law.

How to spot them

  • ▸Thickset women and girls in ordinary clothes, posed like actors in an airless room, painted from life models rather than imagination
  • ▸Pastel on aluminium-backed paper worked up to the density of oil paint, often life-size
  • ▸Stories twisted out of shape: nursery rhymes, Disney, Jane Eyre, Portuguese folk tales, all turned threatening
  • ▸Animals standing in for people — dogs, monkeys, rabbit-headed families in respectable interiors

Key works

A woman dances alone on a moonlit clifftop while couples and a family circle behind her (1988)

Tate, London

The Dance — painted as her husband, the painter Victor Willing, was dying

No free image available (likely still in copyright) · see it on Wikipedia

A girl scrubs her father's boot in a dark kitchen while a black cat watches from the window (1987)

Private collection

The Policeman's Daughter — an image of the Salazar years read as obedience and suppressed rage

No free image available (likely still in copyright) · see it on Wikipedia

A series of large pastels of a woman crouching, howling and baring her teeth on all fours (1994)

Various collections

The Dog Women, modelled by Lila Nunes, her studio assistant and lifelong model

No free image available (likely still in copyright) · see it on Wikipedia

Ten pastels of women alone on beds, buckets and floors after illegal terminations, made after a failed referendum (1998)

Various collections (versions at Tate and Casa das Histórias)

Made after Portugal's 1998 referendum failed; credited with helping win the 2007 vote that legalised abortion

No free image available (likely still in copyright) · see it on Wikipedia

A father is dressed — or undressed — by his wife and daughters in a bedroom, while a saint kills a dragon on the wall (1988)

Private collection (Saatchi Collection)

The Family — companion to The Dance from the same year

No free image available (likely still in copyright) · see it on Wikipedia

A mural of women from the Bible and from history, painted during a year's residency at a London gallery (1990)

National Gallery, London

Painted as the National Gallery's first Associate Artist; inspired by Carlo Crivelli's altarpiece

No free image available (likely still in copyright) · see it on Wikipedia

Quick-fire facts

  • •Born in Lisbon in 1935 and brought up under the Salazar dictatorship; sent to an English school in Portugal, then to the Slade School of Fine Art in London in 1952
  • •Married the British painter Victor Willing, who died in 1988; the loss runs through the work of that year
  • •Became the first Associate Artist of the National Gallery, London, in 1990
  • •Switched decisively from acrylic to pastel around 1994, working from models rather than invention
  • •Her Abortion Series of 1998–99 was made in response to Portugal's failed referendum; abortion was legalised there after a second referendum in 2007
  • •The Casa das Histórias Paula Rego, a museum of her work designed by Eduardo Souto de Moura, opened at Cascais in 2009
  • •Appointed a Dame in 2010; a major retrospective filled Tate Britain in 2021
  • •Died in London on 8 June 2022, aged 87

Drill it — 7 cards

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Sources